Alexander Garden is a well-groomed park in the center of Moscow, stretching for almost 850 meters along the northwestern Kremlin wall from the Corner Arsenal Tower to the southern Vodovzvodnaya Tower on an area of ​​about 10 hectares.

Entrance to the Alexander Garden is free. The park consists of three parts: upper, middle and lower gardens. Spruces, lindens and maples, ornamental shrubs grow in the upper and middle parts, flower beds are planted in summer. Visitors are mesmerized by the combination of historical monuments and beautiful nature.

Previously, the Neglinnaya River with four bridges flowed on the site of the garden. Folk festivals were traditionally held on the banks. Over time, the river became polluted, the banks began to collapse, so Emperor Alexander I decided to remove the river underground.

The arrangement of the Alexander Garden near the Kremlin and Red Square began in the 1820s with the restoration of the center after the Moscow fire of 1812 and the destruction brought by the French army. The garden was created as a memory of the victory in Patriotic war, so there are many objects dedicated to its heroes. But the garden also played the role of a platform for festive events and entertainment.

By imperial decree, landscape work was carried out, and the Kremlin Garden was opened at the end of August 1821. Later, in 1856, the garden was renamed Alexander after the coronation of Alexander II.

Every year, flowers are laid in the garden at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier to honor the memory of the fallen soldiers of the Great Patriotic War. Festive city events are also held regularly on the territory of the Alexander Garden.

Landmarks and monuments in Alexander Garden in Moscow

Alexander Garden - beautiful place for walking, on its territory there are several iconic objects that are worth seeing. All sightseeing monuments of the park near the Kremlin walls are available all year round, and in winter the garden is no less interesting for tourists.

Upper Garden: from Revolution Square to Trinity Gates

Section length - 350 meters;

• Here it is "Italian Grotto"(grotto "Ruins"), cut into an artificial hill. The construction is dedicated to the memory of the events of the Patriotic War of 1812. During its construction, brick and stone fragments of houses and other buildings destroyed by the enemy army were used.
• Near the grotto rises Romanov obelisk, fully restored in 2013, and Monument to Patriarch Hermogenes the same time of creation.
• The strong iron gate with military symbols, providing pedestrian access to the garden at the Corner Arsenal Tower.
• A few meters and within sight of the entrance, near the western Kremlin wall, there is Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with Eternal Flame- Place of Post No. 1 of the Guard of Honor. South along the wall lined up memorials of cities-heroes of the Great Patriotic War. Each of the blocks stores the land of one of the cities.

• In the western part of the garden from the side Manezhnaya Square created artificial pond with fountains and sculptures on a small stone embankment. One of the most famous sculptures is the four bronze horses "Four Seasons". On the pond you can also see the figures of the heroes of Russian folk tales.
• At the Trinity Bridge, dividing the park, stands monument "Defenders of the Moscow Kremlin".

Middle garden: from Troitsky to Borovitsky gates

The length is 382 meters.

• In the middle part of Alexander Park ticket offices of the Moscow Kremlin museums- a separate glass pavilion of the tour desk, opposite - public toilets.
• Trinity bridge connects Kutafya and Troitskaya Kremlin tower . The Kutafya Tower is the only surviving archery tower in the Moscow Kremlin. The modern look with decoration in the form of an openwork top with white stone details was acquired by the tower in the 17th century.
• In the center of this part of the Alexander Garden rises monument to Alexander I opened in 2014.

Lower Garden: from the Borovitsky Gates to the Kremlin Embankment

The lower part of the garden stretches for 132 meters, it starts behind the Borovitsky bridge, it is separated from the rest of the garden by a road. There are no walking alleys here and now it is closed to visitors.

Hotels near Alexander Garden

The garden is located in the Tverskoy district of Moscow, next to the Kremlin. Therefore, in the most popular tourist place offered a large number of a variety of accommodation options: from simple hostels to luxury hotels.

How to get to Alexander Garden

The most convenient and obvious transport to get to the Alexander Garden park is the metro.

You need to get to the node of four stations and go to any:

• "Borovitskaya"(Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line, gray line);
• "Library of Lenin"(Sokolnicheskaya line, red branch);
• "Alexander Garden"(Filyovskaya line, blue line);
• "Arbatskaya"(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line, blue line);
• Or you can get to the station "Theatrical" Zamoskvoretskaya line of the green line of the neighboring metro station.

The nearest stop to the attraction land transport- "Metro" Library of Lenin "- is located next to the entrance through the Kutafya tower. Suitable city flights to it are No. 144, m1, m2, m3, m6, m27, H2, H11, K.

Schematic map walking route from the bus stop "Metro" Library of Lenin "to the Alexander Garden:

Walking tours to the Alexander Garden are usually included in the sightseeing tours along historical center Moscow. It is convenient to plan a walk in the garden on the same day as visiting the Kremlin and Red Square.

You can get to the garden in the center of Moscow by taxi: Yandex. Taxi, Uber, Maxim, RuTaxi, Gett.

Panorama of the Alexander Garden at dusk:

Video tour of the Alexander Garden:

The address: Russia, Moscow, from the northwest of the Moscow Kremlin
Foundation date: 1812
Opening date: 08/30/1821
Main attractions: Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and "Eternal Flame", Italian grotto, monument to Patriarch Hermogenes, imitation of the bed of the Neglinka river with fountains, monument to Alexander I, Romanovsky obelisk
Coordinates: 55°45"04.4"N 37°36"46.3"E

Alexander Garden is a park area stretching from the northwest of the Moscow Kremlin. It is very similar to a green boulevard and occupies the space between the Kremlin wall and Manezhnaya street. This garden is known far beyond Moscow, as one of the most important national memorials and other monuments closely related to the history of the country are located here.

View of the main entrance to the Alexander Garden from the side of the Eternal Flame

How the garden near the Kremlin appeared

Until the beginning of the 19th century, the Neglinnaya River or, as the Muscovites themselves say, Neglinka, carried its waters on the site where the garden now spreads. From the side of Red Square there was a deep ditch, through which the waters of the Neglinka fell into the river. Moscow. It turned out that the walls of the Kremlin were surrounded by water from three sides.

The Neglinka was a fairly full-flowing and fishy river. In the lower reaches, it had several ponds, and the Police Office monitored their cleanliness. In the fishing grounds, it was forbidden to bathe horses and wash clothes, and in winter clear ice from these reservoirs filled the Moscow glaciers.

After the end of the French invasion of 1812 and the restoration of burned-out Moscow, the Russian Tsar Alexander I decided to liquidate the moat, remove the Neglinka underground, and arrange gardens on the filled-up channel. Work on their creation took about three years.

View of Alexander Garden from Trinity Bridge

The green zone was conceived as three separate, but connected by a single landscape plan of the park, so it was called not a "garden", but "gardens". At first, the gardens were referred to as “Kremlin”, and when Emperor Alexander II came to the throne in 1856, the name “Alexander Gardens” was assigned to the parks.

Today the Alexander Garden covers an area of ​​10 hectares. It stretches for more than 850 m and has a width of 110 to 130 m. The Trinity Bridge reminds visitors of the Neglinka River, through which they can get to the territory of the Moscow Kremlin.

Walk in the Upper Park

northern part The park stretching from Manezhnaya Square to Troitsky Bridge is called the Upper Garden. It has a length of 350 m. The park is separated from the red-brick building of the Historical Museum and the passage near it by a massive cast-iron fence, which was made according to the sketch of the architect Yevgeny Frantsevich Pascal. On the iron gates you can see the symbols of Russia's victory in battles with the French.

"Spanish Grotto", also known as "Ruins"

The upper garden was opened earlier than others - in 1821. It has several alleys running parallel and perpendicular to the Kremlin wall. Trees and shrubs are planted between the walking paths, and flower beds from spring to autumn delight with bright tulips, roses and other flowers. Blue spruces, oaks, maples, lindens, jasmine, hawthorn, acacia and lilac bushes grow here.

In the center of the Upper Park, near the Middle Arsenal Tower, you can see the unusual Ruins memorial, erected in memory of the events of the war with Napoleon. The grotto was designed by the famous architect Osip Ivanovich Bove, who was involved in the reconstruction of the city after the fires of World War II.

A marble colonnade is installed inside the semicircular arch. To decorate the grotto, the architect used stone cores left over from the time of Peter the Great, as well as fragments of the city's buildings destroyed by the French. In the 19th century, an orchestra was placed under the arch, which entertained the public during various celebrations. From the southern part of the grotto, you can climb to the platform where the figures of two lions are located.

Romanov obelisk

Nearby stands a majestic obelisk, placed in the garden in 1913, when Russia celebrated the 300th anniversary of the ruling royal dynasty. During the years of Soviet power, this monument has undergone significant changes, but recently it was restored.

The royal monument is crowned with a double-headed eagle. The coat of arms and names of members of the royal family, as well as the coats of arms of the provinces and principalities that became part of the Russian Empire, are visible on the monument. Not far from the obelisk is a sculptural image of a prominent church figure - Patriarch Hermogenes, who played a big role in preserving the unity of the country at the beginning of the 17th century.

In 1996, when Manezhnaya Square was being reconstructed, an artificial reservoir was made near the balustrade of the park, imitating the bed of the Neglinka. It is decorated with sculptures and fountains. The most famous fountain is called the "Geyser", and behind it the water jets of the "Veil" fountain hit. Right in the pond you can see sculptures fairytale heroes- Ivan Tsarevich and a frog, a fox and a crane, a fisherman and a fish, a sleeping mermaid, as well as bronze horses known as the Four Seasons.

Eternal flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier

War memorial

The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier appeared in the park when the whole country was celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Victory. In the northern part of the garden, the remains of an unknown warrior who fell in bloody battles for Moscow were reburied. The ashes of the hero were taken from the grave on the 41st km Leningrad highway- where the city of Zelenograd is now located.

A tombstone was made above the memorial, and a bronze banner with a soldier's helmet and a laurel branch was placed on it. A five-pointed star is set in the center of a polished labradorite slab. Here, the flame of the Eternal Fire burns around the clock.

On the left side of the burial there is a wall lined with bright Shoksha quartzite, and an alley stretches to the right, on which stands with the names of hero cities are installed. Since 2010, next to it stands a stele with the names of 45 cities awarded city status. military glory.

Alley, with the names of hero cities

The nationwide memorial is guarded by soldiers serving in the Presidential Regiment. The guard at the monument is changed once an hour, and many tourists gather to see how this happens.

What can be seen in the middle of the park

The Middle Garden was opened a year after the Upper Garden, in 1822. It occupies the largest part of the park and stretches for 382 meters from the Trinity Bridge to the street leading to the Borovitskaya Tower of the Kremlin.

The garden starts from the squat Kutafya tower, which stands apart from the walls of the Kremlin. It was erected at the beginning of the 16th century and was intended to protect the approaches to the Kremlin from the western side. At the gates of the tower, there are places for attaching the mechanisms with which the bridge over the Neglinka was raised. Mine modern look the fortification acquired at the end of the 17th century, when its top was remade into an openwork jagged “crown”.

A lot of tourists and residents of the city come to Sredniy Park, as the Kremlin ticket office is located here. They can be purchased entry tickets to the Armory and Diamond fund, as well as to visit ancient temples, the high bell tower of Ivan the Great, concerts at the Palace of Congresses and Kremlin museums. Ticket offices are open on all days except Thursday, from 9.00 to 16.30.

Monument to Patriarch Hermogenes

There are left-luggage offices next to the ticket offices, where visitors to the Kremlin can leave bulky luggage, backpacks and briefcases. Luggage storage takes things from 9.00 to 18.30. It should be borne in mind that they have two half-hour breaks: from 11.00 to 11.30 and from 15.30 to 16.00.

A few years ago (in 2014) a new monument appeared in the center of the park. The bronze figure of the founder of green gardens - Alexander I is set on a high pedestal. In the left hand of the autocrat you can see a sword, his shoulders are covered with a cloak, and at his feet lies the weapons of the enemies. Nearby there are bas-reliefs depicting scenes from battles and commanders of the war with Napoleon, the figure of Seraphim of Sarov, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and the Kazan Cathedral. The author of the expressive monument was the sculptor Salavat Aleksandrovich Shcherbakov.

» where photographs taken from the bell tower of Ivan the Great in the Kremlin were presented. Among them there is also such a frame of the Kremlin territory, where the so-called 14th building is in the foreground.

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This is an administrative building located between the Spassky Gates and the Senate Palace of the Moscow Kremlin. The façade of the building faced the Tainitsky Garden. The building was one of the buildings forming the Ivanovskaya Square of the Kremlin. The building was built in 1932-1934 on the site of the Chudov and Ascension monasteries and the Small Nicholas Palace destroyed in 1929. It was the first building on the territory of the Kremlin built after 1917. The next was the Palace of Congresses, built in 1959.

The building successively housed the military school named after the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, then the Secretariat of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the office of the commandant of the Kremlin, then the Kremlin Theater, and in the end the complex was again rebuilt to meet the needs of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. AT last years in the 14th building there were some divisions of the Administration of the President of Russia, including the press service, the protocol service, the foreign policy department, and the referent.

In 2012, full-scale work began on the reconstruction of the 14th building, but for various reasons they were not completed. As a result, a landmark decision was made to completely demolish this building, which is not an architectural monument of the Moscow Kremlin and is not included in the List of World Cultural and natural heritage UNESCO. Demolition work began in October last year and was completed in April this year. On May 10, the park area, made on the site of the former building, with a total area of ​​1.6 hectares, will meet the first guests - visitors to the Moscow Kremlin. Also, for the first time in a long time, a passage to the Kremlin for tourists through the Spasskaya Tower will be opened.

1. Office of the President Russian Federation work on the dismantling and dismantling of building structures and equipment of the 14th building of the Kremlin was carried out in three shifts. The load-bearing structures were split with specialized circular and wire saws, squares were formed from wall fragments and removed in stages so as not to cause any damage to either the Kremlin wall or architectural monuments. To comply with approved environmental regulations, a large amount of water was used to prevent construction dust from entering adjacent buildings.

2. The dismantling of the 14th building opened up a unique and unexpected prospect for archaeological research in the eastern part of the Kremlin hill, where the Chudov and Ascension monasteries and the Small Nikolaev Palace were located, destroyed in 1929.

3. Archaeological research are carried out by the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which began work in November 2015. Scientists have laid several pits and excavations between Ivanovskaya Square and the Spasskaya Tower. They managed to identify parts of the buildings of the Small Nicholas Palace, the Catherine Church of the Ascension Monastery, the refectory connected to the Church of the Annunciation and the Alekseevsky Church of the Chudov Monastery.

4. Currently, archaeological work has been suspended for the duration of the festive events. In order to avoid damage to the found parts of the historical foundations, the pits and excavations were temporarily mothballed in compliance with the relevant norms and rules. Archaeological work will be resumed in a few weeks.

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5. The new square will be a wonderful pedestrian ensemble for visitors to the Kremlin.

6. Landscaping and landscaping of the territory vacated after the demolition of building 14 is based on the historical buildings of the Chudov and Ascension monasteries identified by archaeologists. The foundations of temples and buildings are marked on the site by planting a hedge from the thuja spherical "Danica".

7. Now the issue of restoring the destroyed monasteries is being discussed. This work will require the titanic efforts of archaeologists, historians and engineers. But the restoration of the monasteries can be implemented only after the approval of the Moscow architectural community and UNESCO.

8. Planted in the new park great amount shrubs and plants.

9. In addition, archaeologists have already managed to find artifacts dating back to the 12th-14th centuries, which testify to the development of the eastern part of the Kremlin no later than the end of the 12th century. and intense "city life". The composition of the finds (glass bracelets, fragments of glass vessels, metal adornments of a women's costume, mass ceramic material) is common for ancient Russian cities of the second half of the 12th-13th centuries, but the deposits of this time were little studied in the Moscow Kremlin.

10. Elena Krylova, press secretary of the Administration of the President of Russia, told reporters about the progress of the work. The world once again turned out to be small. I have known Elena for a long time - she led the press services in the Moscow metro and at Vnukovo airport.

11. On May 10, a new park and a passage for tourists through the Spasskaya Tower will open in the Kremlin. Come!

12. Yes, benches will be installed in the park, which will allow you to admire the view of the Cathedrals and the Tainitsky Garden. In my opinion, without the 14th building, it only got better.

Alexander Garden (Moscow, Russia): detailed description, address and photo. Opportunities for sports and recreation, infrastructure, cafes and restaurants in the park. Reviews of tourists.

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Looking at the plan of the Alexander Garden, one might get the impression that this is a very small green island, sandwiched between the walls of the Kremlin and stone houses Manezhnaya street. In fact, the garden is quite large, and under the canopy of its imposing trees, not only paths, flower beds and benches are hidden, but also several iconic sights. A green island in the center of Moscow appeared 200 years ago on the site of the Neglinnaya river imprisoned in underground channels. Emperor Alexander I decided to imprison her underground, and plant gardens in the wasteland. The project was implemented by Osip Bove, who became famous for the reconstruction of Moscow after the devastating fire of 1812. The first trees appeared here in 1820, and 36 years later, the young Kremlin gardens were renamed Alexander Gardens.

Alexander Garden - in fact, three gardens: the Upper, stretching from the Revolution Square to the Trinity Gate; Middle - from Troitsky to Borovitsky gates; Lower - from the Borovitsky Gate to the Kremlin Embankment. The first two are available for walking, there are three alleys parallel to Manezhnaya Square and the Kremlin wall.

What to watch

One of the most visited places in the Alexander Garden is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and the Eternal Flame. This memorial complex was created in 1967. A bronze composition with a battle banner, a helmet and a laurel branch is installed on the slab guarding the peace of the unknown soldiers who fell in the battle for Moscow. From 8:00 to 20:00 there is a guard of honor.

Of the sights designed by Osip Bove himself, the most interesting is the Ruins Grotto, also known as the Italian Grotto. In this seemingly somewhat eclectic composition, the author has laid a deep meaning. For registration located next to the Middle Arsenal tower the grotto of Beauvais used stones from the houses destroyed by Napoleon and cannonballs. And the snow-white marble columns towering among the ruins symbolize the revival of the city.

A relatively new monument is the sculpture of Patriarch Hermogenes, installed in 2013, who played an important role in the Time of Troubles.

Practical Information

Address: Moscow, st. Mokhovaya, 15/1.

The nearest metro stations are Aleksandrovsky Sad, Lenin Library and Borovitskaya. Entrance to the park is free.

To the Kremlin embankment. Its area is about 10 hectares. The exit of the metro station of the same name is located on the territory of the garden itself.

From the history of the Alexander Garden in Moscow

Alexander Garden in Moscow was laid out by decree of Alexander II during the restoration of the city after the war of 1812. It was called at that time the Kremlin and was built from 1819 to 1822. Previously, the Neglinnaya River flowed here. A bridge was laid across it from the Trinity Tower to Kutufya. According to the project of the architect Osip Bove, the river was enclosed in a pipe and removed underground. You can cross the bridge from the Upper Garden to the Middle Garden.

In 1856 the gardens were named Alexander. They consist of three parts. The Upper Gardens, 350 meters long, run from the Corner Arsenal Tower of the Kremlin to the Trinity Bridge near the Kutafya Tower. The medium ones, 382 m long, are located from the Troitskaya to the Borovitskaya tower. The lower ones are 132 m long and overlook the Kremlin embankment.

Alexander Garden in Moscow - attractions

If we head to the Alexander Garden from the side of the Kremlin passage and the Historical Museum, then we will pass through the cast-iron gates of the Main Entrance and get into the Upper Garden, which opened in 1823. A drawing of a cast-iron gate lattice depicting the symbols of victory in the Patriotic War was made by the architect E. Pascal. The garden has three alleys running along the Kremlin. Among his ornaments are blue spruces and lilacs, acacia and jasmine, amazing beauty flower beds and preserved bicentennial oak.

In 1841, Osip Bove built a grotto with a slide under the Middle Arsenal Tower, placing cannonballs near the ruins. When solemn events were celebrated, an orchestra was located in the grotto and it was possible to listen to music. The garden was decorated with statues and vases with fresh flowers. In the center of the Upper Garden we see an obelisk with the names of the revolutionary leaders of Russia. Until 1966, this monument was at the main entrance. It was installed in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Romanovs' reign in 1914. Then it depicted the coats of arms of the provinces of Russia and the names of the Romanovs, which after the revolution were erased and replaced with the names of the revolutionaries. On May 8, 2010, the presidents of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia opened a stele in the garden dedicated to the cities of military glory. In the southern part there are buildings dedicated to the hero cities. The northern part of the garden is protected by a lattice, made according to the drawing of the architect F. Shestakov. In the middle garden are the cash desks of the Moscow Kremlin. There are no walking paths in the Lower Garden and it is currently closed to visitors.

Alexander Garden in Moscow - eternal flame

The main attraction of the Alexander Garden in Moscow is the eternal flame at the tomb of the unknown soldier and the guard of honor next to him. This post was established on the Day of the Constitution of Russia on December 12, 1997 by decree of President Yeltsin. Guard duty is carried out by the military personnel of the Presidential Regiment from 08.00 to 20.00. The eternal flame was brought from the Field of Mars from Leningrad.

December 27, 2009 in connection with the repair of communications memorial complex The eternal flame from the Alexander Garden was moved to the Victory Park on Poklonnaya Gora. Two months later, on Defender of the Fatherland Day on February 23, 2010, to the sounds of an orchestra, he returns to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, where President Dmitry Medvedev lit the fire.

Alexander Garden in Moscow - Manege

In the year of the 5th anniversary of the victory of Russia in the Patriotic War, the Central Exhibition Hall - Manezh was built according to the project of A. Betancourt. Later, in 1824-1825. the facades of the building were decorated by Osip Bove in the Empire style. In those ancient times, reviews of troops were held in the Manezh. There were folk exhibitions and festivities. In 1867, a concert was held under the baton of the French composer Hector Berlioz. 12 thousand spectators were able to listen to the performance of the choir and orchestra of 700 people. In 1997, fountains beloved by tourists appeared on Manezhnaya Square. On hot days, many Muscovites and guests of the capital bathe in the central fountain and in the reservoirs created by Zurab Tsereteli and decorated with compositions with bronze horses, foxes and storks.

On March 14, 2004, on the day of the presidential elections in Russia, there was a fire of the fifth, the highest degree of complexity. In 2005, the Manege building was restored and opened.

The Alexander Garden in Moscow and the Manege, just like in the old days, are popular walking places for Muscovites and guests of the capital.