Description of the presentation on individual slides:

1 slide

Description of the slide:

2 slide

Description of the slide:

South America Geographical position History of discovery Relief Minerals Climate Inland waters Natural areas Originality of the organic world Change of nature by man Population Economic activity of the population Countries

3 slide

Description of the slide:

Geographic location Together North America South forms a single part of the world. The two continents are connected by the long and narrow Isthmus of Panama. The outlines of the mainland are simple and graceful. Geographers compare South America to a bunch of grapes hanging on a stalk of the Isthmus of Panama among the waters of the oceans and seas washing it. The area of ​​the mainland is about 18 million km2. South America is washed by the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the Caribbean Sea, the Panama Canal, the Strait of Magellan, the Bahia Grande Bay and the Drake Passage. In the northern part of South America, the equator crosses. Almost in the middle it is cut by the southern tropic. South America is divided by the Atlantic Ocean with Eurasia.

4 slide

Description of the slide:

History of the discovery Scientists believe that the inhabitants of Europe, Africa, Oceania could swim to the shores of America. At the end of the XV - beginning of the XVI century. The development of science and navigation led to great geographical discoveries. A huge continent grew on the path of the ships of H. Columbus, when in 1492 the brave sailors rushed west to the shores of India. It became clear that new lands unknown to Europeans were discovered. But the idea of ​​their existence was first expressed by Amerigo Vespucci, who took part in two expeditions to new lands. Following the travelers, the Spanish and Portuguese conquerors rushed to America. Among the first scientists - explorers of South America was the German geographer and traveler Alexander Humboldt. At the beginning of the XIX century. in Brazil, a Russian complex expedition led by G.I. Langsdorf and N.G. Rubtsov. Then the Russian botanist N.I. worked here. Vavilov in 1923-1933

5 slide

Description of the slide:

Relief In the relief of South America, two parts stand out. The east is occupied by plains, and the Andes mountain ranges stretch to the west. Plain-flat-mountain East is located on the platform. West Side the mainland is the result of the interaction of two lithospheric plates. The formation of the Andes continues, there are frequent earthquakes, volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes are associated with the shaking of the seabed and the formation of tsunamis. In the mountains, earthquakes are accompanied by rockfalls, landslides, and snow avalanches. The east of the mainland does not have sharp fluctuations in elevation in the relief. Earthquakes are rare here active volcanoes. The prolonged destruction of the platform and vertical movements led to the formation of the Brazilian and Guiana plateaus. The Andes form the longest mountain ranges on land.

6 slide

Description of the slide:

Minerals South America is rich in mineral deposits. On the plateaus of the East there are deposits of iron, manganese ores, nickel, bauxite deposits containing aluminum. Oil, natural gas, and coal have been found in the depressions and troughs of the platform. The Andes are especially rich in non-ferrous and rare metals. The introduction of magma into sedimentary rocks led to the formation of the world's largest deposits of copper ores, as well as molybdenum, tin, silver, etc.

7 slide

Description of the slide:

Climate South America is the wettest continent on Earth and not as hot as Africa. Part of South America is located in the temperate climate zone. Average monthly temperatures in most of the mainland range from +20 to +28 0C. Precipitation on the mainland is unevenly distributed. In the center of the mainland, droughts are not uncommon, and sometimes unexpected colds come.

8 slide

Description of the slide:

Inland waters Since South America is the wettest continent of the Earth, it is not surprising that nature has created here the largest river basin in the world with the grandiose Amazon. The area of ​​the river basin is almost equal to the whole of Australia. The Amazon is full of water all year round. When the water rises, the river floods vast areas, forming impenetrable swamps. On the rivers flowing from the Andes, the Guiana and Brazilian plateaus, there are many rapids and waterfalls. There are few large lakes on the mainland - Maracaibo and Titicaca. The rivers of South America play an important role in the life of the population. On the low plains they are navigable. Power plants were built on rivers with rapid currents. In dry places, water is used to irrigate fields.

9 slide

Description of the slide:

Natural areas A characteristic feature of the mainland is the presence of impenetrable moist evergreen equatorial forests growing on red-yellow ferralite soils. They are called selva here, which means "forest" in Portuguese. In the savannahs of the Southern Hemisphere, tree vegetation is poorer. To the south of the savannas lie the subtropical steppes, which in South America are called the pampas. In the south of the mainland, in a temperate climate with low rainfall, a semi-desert zone was formed. This harsh land is called Patagonia.

10 slide

Description of the slide:

The originality of the organic world The organic world of South America, like Australia, is very diverse. Along with plants that grow in Africa and Australia, such as palm trees, acacias, bottle trees, South America has its own species - hevea rubber, cocoa tree, cinchona tree, from whose bark medicines are obtained. Almost destroyed the most valuable forests of araucaria - coniferous trees growing in the east of the Brazilian plateau. Selva is wetter than African forests, richer in plant and animal species. Here grow trees such as ceiba, reaching a height of 80 m, a melon tree. There are many beautifully blooming orchids in the forest. Many selva plants give not only valuable wood, but also fruits, juice, bark for use in technology and medicine. In the savannas grow quebracho, the bark of which contains the tannins necessary for leather dressing. The vegetation of the steppes is grasses, among which feather grass, wild millet, etc. predominate. animal world. Some animals (anteaters, armadillos, cougars) are found in almost all natural areas mainland. Many animals are adapted to life in trees: chain-tailed monkeys, sloths. Even frogs and lizards live in trees, there are many snakes, including the largest snake on Earth - the anaconda. Ungulates live near the water - tapirs - the largest rodent on Earth - capybara capybara weighing up to 50 kg. There are few predators, among them the jaguar is the most famous. The world of birds is also rich: tiny hummingbirds that feed on the nectar of flowers, parrots, toucans, etc. There are many different butterflies, beetles and other insects. In the lower tier of the forest and in the soil, a lot of ants live, many of which lead a predatory lifestyle. In comparison with the African savannas, the fauna of the South American savannas is poorer. Small deer, wild pigs-bakers, armadillos with a shell of horn shields, anteaters, and ostrich rhea live here. The open spaces of the pampas were once characterized by fast-running animals: pampas deer, pampas cat, llamas. There are rodents in the deserts. Among them, viscacha is a rodent with a body length of 60-70 cm. Coypu (marsh beaver) lives along the banks of reservoirs. Among the fish, the most famous are predatory piranhas, electric eels, sharks, a 4-meter-long pyraruk commercial fish. Caimans (a species of crocodiles) live in the river, as well as mammals - freshwater dolphins. Among the animals living in the Andes, there are very ancient species, such as the spectacled bear. Of the rodents, the chinchilla is remarkable for its valuable fur. On the ledges of the mountains, the largest birds of prey on our planet nest - condors with a wingspan of up to 3 m.

11 slide

Description of the slide:

Changing nature by man The impact of man on nature in South America began even when the indigenous population, engaged in agriculture, burned out areas of forests for this, drained swamps. From the 16th century predatory use began natural resources. A significant part of the pampas is plowed up or used for grazing. The pastures are overgrown with weeds. Pampa has lost its original appearance. It has been turned into endless fields of corn and wheat, cattle grazing. The Amazon forests are being destroyed very quickly. Construction of the Transamazonian highway(5000 km) opened the way to the selva. The problems of environmental protection in South America arose at the beginning of the 20th century. But it has only recently begun to be implemented. About a hundred species of mammals and birds are now included in the Red Book. The area of ​​protected areas on the entire continent is only about 10/0. Many countries in South America create nature reserves and National parks which also serve as centers of tourism.

12 slide

Description of the slide:

Population The composition of the population is very complex. The first people appeared here almost 15 - 17 thousand years ago. These were the ancient Indians. From the 16th century The colonization of South America by Europeans began. The conquest of the mainland by Spain and Portugal brought incalculable misfortune to its native population. Indians were herded into reservations, others were turned into slaves. They began to import blacks to work on plantations from Africa. Representatives of all three races of mankind now live in South America. Descendants from marriages of Europeans with Indians are called mestizos. Descendants from marriages of Europeans and blacks are called mulattoes, and Indians and blacks are called sambo. Most people in South America speak Spanish, in Brazil in Portuguese. Indians speak hundreds of different languages. The languages ​​of the Quechua, Aymara, and other peoples are the most common. The mainland is sparsely populated. Approximately 280 million people live here. The population is unevenly distributed

13 slide

Description of the slide:

Economic activity of the population A part of the population works in mines, mines and quarries, in the oil fields. In factories located near the coast, metal is smelted, cars, tractors, airplanes, river and sea ​​vessels. A significant part of the population of the mainland is engaged in agriculture. On plantations they grow coffee, cocoa crops, cotton, sugarcane, rice, soybeans. Cattle and sheep are bred in dry savannas and steppe regions in the south of the country. In the forests of the Amazon, the juice of wild rubber plants, wax, and nuts are collected. The city of Manaus became the center of the electronics industry.

14 slide

Description of the slide:

Countries There are not as many countries in South America as there are in Africa. Borders modern states formed at the beginning of the 19th century. As a result of the struggle of peoples for independence against the Spanish and Portuguese colonizers. Almost all countries in South America, except for two, have access to the oceans. The largest countries in terms of area lie within the flat East of the mainland - Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela. Groups of Andean countries are Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile. The smallest country on the continent is Suriname.

15 slide

Description of the slide:

16 slide

slide 1

BRAZIL Statue of the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro Machu Picchu Cartagena Potosi Nazca Cusco Tiahuanaco San Luis Ollamtaytambo Urumamba Colca South America

slide 2

STATUE OF THE SAVIOR IN RIO DE JANEIRO This grandiose stone sculpture, elevated almost a kilometer high, stands in Rio de Janeiro on the steep hill of Corcovado. It appeared as a result of an all-Brazilian open competition for the best monument that would express the idea of ​​the unity of the nation. It was won by a simple man Hector da Silva-Costa, who proposed to sculpt the figure of Christ the Savior. On October 12, 1931, the grand opening of the monument took place, authored by the French sculptor Paul Landovsky

slide 3

CITY OF POTOSI The city flourished in the first half of the 17th century, when more people lived in it than in London itself! During these half a century, the Spaniards took 16 thousand tons of silver to Europe from this settlement! The phrase "Rich as Potosi" has become a proverb. When the reserves of precious metal in the mines dried up, the city fell into decay.

slide 4

CITY OF POTOSI Today, it has become a museum under open sky. Tourists are attracted by visiting the Mint, where brilliant doubloons with portraits of Spanish kings were minted and Mount Cerro Rico, from the top of which, according to legend, the great revolutionary of South America, Simon Bolivar, proclaimed the independence of these places from the Spanish crown.

slide 5

CITY OF CARTAGENA This locality Columbia is famous for the fact that in 1586 it was plundered by an English flotilla, which was controlled by a pirate who later became an English lord - Sir Francis Drake. The port fortifications were completely destroyed. Later, the inhabitants rebuilt them, mixing bull's blood into the solution for a fortress. Today, the old quarters of Cartagena are a single historical monument from the time of the colonial conquest of the mainland by the Spaniards.

slide 6

TIAHUANACO CITY It is located on the territory of Bolivia - on the lands that once belonged to the Incas. But it is believed that this settlement was founded long before them. The city walls are built of huge boulders, as if they were the work of giants. This is also hinted at by the majestic statues of people made of stone, towering next to the fortress.

Slide 7

CITY OF POTOSI This is the highest city in the world. It is located at an altitude of 4000 meters above sea level. Potosi is also famous for its silver mines, where thousands of Indian slaves once worked.

Slide 8

NASCA DESERT Modern scientists have several versions of the purpose of the mysterious drawings. Perhaps the ancient people used them as objects of religious worship. There is a possibility that this is a huge calendar or even a spaceport for aliens from outer space. The mystery of Nazca is still waiting for its discoverers

Slide 9

DESERT OF NASCA This plateau in Peru is located between the valleys of the Nazca and Ingenio rivers, 450 km from the city of Lima. There is a majestic historical monument, the purpose of which has not yet been unraveled. The territory of 500 square kilometers is covered with gigantic, up to 300 meters long, images of people and animals, lines, spirals and geometric shapes. Some of them are several tens of meters in size. And to appreciate the work of an unknown artist is possible only from a bird's eye view.

slide 10

The general plan of the city was developed by another brilliant architect - Luisio Costa. From above, Brasilia resembles the figure of an airplane. On its "nose" were built the buildings of the Government, the National Congress and the Supreme Court. The most impressive temple in this city is the cathedral Catholic cathedral, to which Niemeyer gave the unusual shape of a crown of thorns. CITY OF BRAZIL

slide 11

Another feature of Brazil is the lack of sidewalks and the limited number of pedestrian crossings. Half a century ago, it was believed that this settlement is a prototype of the cities of the 21st century, strictly subordinated to one architectural idea. However, this order now seems modern people somewhat monotonous. CITY OF BRAZIL

slide 12

CITY OF LIMA This city of 7 million people is located at the foot of the Andes on the coast Pacific Ocean. It was founded by the Spaniards in 1535. The main historical sights of Lima are associated with the colonial period. Tourists are invited to visit the main square - Plaza de Armas (Square of Weapons), the monastery of San Francisco and its underground catacombs, the Acho bullring, the Descalzos monastery, the Rimac quarter, Cathedral with the tomb of the conqueror of Peru Francisco Pizarro and the Government Palace.

slide 13

THE CITY OF CUSCO Translated from the language of the Quechua Indians, Cusco means "the navel of the earth." Until now, 500 years after the arrival of the Spaniards, the city of Cusco remains the crossroads of two cultures. Cusco has a rich colonial past - there are many churches here, such as the Church of La Company and the monastery of La Merced. The area around San Vlas, which is home to many artists and artisans, has not changed for hundreds of years. Masterfully finished by the famous Inca masons, the foundations of the houses have survived to this day. Red tiled roofs and cobbled streets give this ancient city its unique flavor.

slide 14

CITY OF LIMA The main historical sights of Lima are connected with the colonial period. Tourists are invited to visit the main square - Plaza de Armas (Square of Weapons), the monastery of San Francisco and its underground catacombs, the Acho bullring, the Descalzos monastery, the Rimac quarter, the Cathedral with the tomb of the conqueror of Peru Francisco Pizarro and the Government Palace.

slide 15

THE HISTORIC CENTER OF SAN LUIS The city center, which was built by the French in the 17th century, then occupied by the Dutch, and was under the control of the Portuguese, was built according to a right-perpendicular street structure. Thanks to a period of economic stagnation at the beginning of the 20th century, most of the buildings of interest as historical monuments, has survived to this day. It is a prime example of colonial architecture.

South America is a continent crossed by the equator with an area of ​​18.13 million km², most of which is located in the Southern Hemisphere. South America is located between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. The fauna of South America is distinguished by exceptional richness and variety of forms. About 1/4 of all bird species live in South America the globe , which is 2.5 times more than in the Palearctic. The diversity of modern natural conditions is the first prerequisite for the richness of the animal world of South America. Uakari are small monkeys. The length of their body is 45-48 cm, and the fluffy tail is a third of the entire body. They are the only short-tailed monkeys in South America. They live in the forests of the Amazon, in the crowns of tall trees. They almost never come down to the ground. Their fur is soft, long and silky. The ocelot is a feline predator. A very rare animal, listed in the Red Book. It is 1 meter in size and a tail of 40 cm. It lives on the forest slopes of the Andes, at an altitude of up to 4 km. It is found at the very edge of the snow Capybara - the largest rodent in the world. His body is covered with stiff bristles. There are swimming membranes on the fingers: the capybara swims and dives perfectly. Lives along the banks of rivers, where there is tall grass. Eats aquatic plants. Chinchilla is a rodent with soft, thick and strong hair. This is a small animal with the habits of a rabbit. Lives on the border of Peru and Chile, at an altitude of 3-6 km, in the crevices of rocks. The maned wolf is a relative of the dog. Lives in the pampas and on the outskirts of the swamps, among tall grass. Hunts for birds, small animals, insects. Eats fruits and other vegetation. The Andean condor is a huge bird: its wingspan is slightly less than 3 m. It lives in the mountains, at an altitude of up to 5 thousand m, and sometimes even higher. Condors keep in flocks, but when it comes time to have chicks, they pair up. The manatee is an aquatic animal of the tropics and subtropics. On flippers he has flat nails-hooves. With their help, the manatee crawls along the bottom and rolls from side to side. He can squeeze aquatic plants between his flippers and bring them to his mouth. The mother is very attached to her cub: she presses him to herself with flippers and does not leave, even if she herself is in danger. Rainforests - selva unique ecosystem of South America The climate in the rainforest is the most even on the planet and does not change at different times of the year. Up to 150 species of woody plants can be found in the selva on two to three hectares. Unfortunately, forests in the Amazon basin are now being heavily cut down. The priceless milky juice of the Brazilian Hevea The priceless milky juice of the Brazilian Hevea is the main source of natural rubber. Without it, scientists would have been looking for ways to make such an indispensable material as rubber for a long time to come. The bottle tree is characteristic of tropical light forests in the S.-V. Brazilian plateau. The trunks of some of them are several meters across. A leaf of the amazing flower of the Amazon victoria regia can withstand a child weighing up to 35 kg. Russian botanist Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov (1923-1933), during his expeditions to the mainland, established that South America is the birthplace of the origin of such plants as beans, tomatoes, peanuts, pineapple and potatoes. Equatorial forests are replaced by tall-grass palm savannahs. On the plowed lands of the savannas, not only the plants already mentioned above are grown, but also bananas (2/3 of the world crop), whose homeland is India).

GENERAL INFORMATION

Square - 17 819 000 square kilometers

The population of South America 331 000 000 Human

The highest mountains:

- Aconcagua ( Argentina ): 6 960 m .

- Ojos del Salado (Argentina- Chile ): 6 908 m .

Largest cities:

- Sao Paulo,

- Rio de Janeiro,

- Buenos Aires.

South America is the fourth largest continent on the planet.

It is washed by the Pacific Ocean from the west, and by the Atlantic from the east. The entire continent is located in the western hemisphere and is crossed by the equator in its northern part. The mainland is separated from Antarctica only by the Drake Passage.

Geography of South America

These are mountains and plains, forests and deserts. But the main feature is the gigantic, in terms of its scale, the Amazon River basin and the long chain of the Andes mountains.

Climate of South America

The climate of South America varies depending on the distance from the equator. In the north, near the equator, there is a sultry equatorial zone, with some very cold places in the highlands of the Andes. And in the south, the frosty polar zone, due to its proximity to Antarctica.

Due to the heavy rainfall in South America, there are a lot of rivers that carry their waters into Atlantic Ocean. The main rivers of the mainland: Amazon, Parana, Madeira, San Francisco.

There are almost no large lakes on the continent. Lake Titicaca in the Andes is the largest of the high mountain lakes.

slide 1

BRAZIL

Statue of the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro

Machu Picchu Cartagena Potosi Nazca Cusco Tiahuanaco San Luis Olyamtaytambo Urumamba Colca South America

slide 2

MACHU - PICCHU

It is located at an altitude of 2430 meters above sea level, on a mountain of extraordinary beauty, in the middle of a mountain rainforest. Machu Picchu is perhaps the most amazing urban structure of the Inca Empire. This city was discovered by archaeologists in the summer of 1911. Its area is approximately 5 square km. Inside it are warehouses, churches, an observatory and the residence of the legendary Inca ruler Pachacuti. It is assumed that at least a thousand people lived in the city.

slide 3

CITY OF CARTAGENA

This settlement of Colombia is famous for the fact that in 1586 it was sacked by an English flotilla, which was controlled by a pirate who later became an English lord - Sir Francis Drake. The port fortifications were completely destroyed. Later, the inhabitants rebuilt them, mixing bull's blood into the solution for a fortress. Today, the old quarters of Cartagena are a single historical monument from the time of the colonial conquest of the mainland by the Spaniards.

slide 4

In the center of the city there is a bastion, in the prison of which captured pirates languished. On the Artillery Square there is a temple of the 17th century, the tower of which is curved. There is also the Palace of the Inquisition, and a monument to Christopher Columbus. The Alley of Martyrs reminds of those citizens who died in the war for the liberation of the country from colonialism.

slide 6

The heyday of the city came in the first half of the 17th century, when more people lived in it than in London itself! During these half a century, the Spaniards took 16 thousand tons of silver to Europe from this settlement! The phrase "Rich as Potosi" has become a proverb. When the reserves of precious metal in the mines dried up, the city fell into decay.

Slide 7

Nowadays, it has turned into an open-air museum. Tourists are attracted by visiting the Mint, where brilliant doubloons with portraits of Spanish kings were minted and Mount Cerro Rico, from the top of which, according to legend, the great revolutionary of South America, Simon Bolivar, proclaimed the independence of these places from the Spanish crown.

Slide 8

STATUE OF THE SAVIOR IN RIO DE JANEIRO

This grandiose stone sculpture, elevated almost a kilometer high, stands in Rio de Janeiro on the steep hill of Corcovado. It appeared as a result of an all-Brazilian open competition for the best monument that would express the idea of ​​the unity of the nation. It was won by a simple man Hector da Silva-Costa, who proposed to sculpt the figure of Christ the Savior. On October 12, 1931, the grand opening of the monument took place, authored by the French sculptor Paul Landovsky

Slide 9

TIAHUANACO CITY

It is located on the territory of Bolivia - on the lands that once belonged to the Incas. But it is believed that this settlement was founded long before them. The city walls are built of huge boulders, as if they were the work of giants. This is also hinted at by the majestic statues of people made of stone, towering next to the fortress.

Slide 10

DESERT NASCA

This plateau in Peru is located between the valleys of the Nazca and Ingenio rivers, 450 km from the city of Lima. There is a majestic historical monument, the purpose of which has not yet been unraveled. The territory of 500 square kilometers is covered with gigantic, up to 300 meters long, images of people and animals, lines, spirals and geometric shapes. Some of them are several tens of meters in size. And to appreciate the work of an unknown artist is possible only from a bird's eye view.

slide 11

slide 12

SALVADOR

This is the most ancient city Brazil. It was founded on November 1, 1501 famous traveler Amerigo Vespucci. This is not only important economic center country, but also the heart of Brazilian culture. Most famous temples located on the Praça de Se. In the 17th century, a large Catholic cathedral was erected here, the altar of which is decorated with gold leaf. Next to the temple is another church - San Francisco, the material for which was taken from Portugal. Particularly revered in Salvador is the Church of La Concey San de Praia, dedicated to Our Lady, whom the locals consider their patroness.

slide 13

CITY OF BRAZIL

It is the third largest capital of the state of Brazil. The city was founded on April 1, 1960 on the Cerrado Plateau. He is considered architectural marvel Latin America. The most famous architect of the second half of the 20th century Oscar Niemeyer became the author of the houses located in the central quarters of the capital.

Slide 14

The general plan of the city was developed by another brilliant architect - Luisio Costa. From above, Brasilia resembles the figure of an airplane. On its "nose" were built the buildings of the Government, the National Congress and the Supreme Court. The most impressive temple in this city is the Catholic Cathedral, to which Niemeyer gave the unusual shape of a crown of thorns.

slide 15

Another feature of Brazil is the lack of sidewalks and the limited number of pedestrian crossings. Half a century ago, it was believed that this settlement is a prototype of the cities of the 21st century, strictly subordinated to one architectural idea. However, now this orderliness seems somewhat monotonous to modern people.

slide 16

HISTORIC DOWNTOWN OF SAN LUIS

The city center, which was built by the French in the 17th century, then occupied by the Dutch, and was under the control of the Portuguese, was built according to a right-perpendicular street structure. Thanks to a period of economic stagnation at the beginning of the 20th century, most of the buildings of interest as historical monuments have survived to this day. It is a prime example of colonial architecture.

Slide 17

OLYAMTAITAMBO

It is the only Inca city that is still inhabited. Opposite the giant staircase in the rocks, you can see the face of the supreme creator god Viracocha carved by nature. According to one legend, it was here in the caves that the first Incas woke up (according to another, this happened on the island of the Sun of Lake Titicaca). At the top of the Olyamtaytambo pyramid is a huge array of 7 stone monoliths, carefully polished and fitted to each other. Judging by the stone processing technique, it can be assumed that craftsmen from another great empire, Tiahuanaco (present-day Bolivia), worked here. The lateral valley, extending from Ollantaytambo into the mountains, is very rich in various kinds of ruins and Inca objects. Later, the Spaniards turned the city into a fortification.

Slide 18

URUMAMBA

At 28 km from Cusco, at the foot of the majestic snow-capped Chicon Peak, lies the Urubamba Valley. It is protected by mountains on all sides and has a warm mild climate, which has a beneficial effect on both human health and the yield of fruits and vegetables.

Slide 19

CITY OF LIMA

This city of 7 million people is located at the foot of the Andes on the Pacific coast. It was founded by the Spaniards in 1535. The main historical sights of Lima are associated with the colonial period. Tourists are invited to visit the main square - Plaza de Armas (Square of Weapons), the monastery of San Francisco and its underground catacombs, the Acho bullring, the Descalzos monastery, the Rimac quarter, the Cathedral with the tomb of the conqueror of Peru Francisco Pizarro and the Government Palace.

Slide 20

The main historical sights of Lima are associated with the colonial period. Tourists are invited to visit the main square - Plaza de Armas (Square of Weapons), the monastery of San Francisco and its underground catacombs, the Acho bullring, the Descalzos monastery, the Rimac quarter, the Cathedral with the tomb of the conqueror of Peru Francisco Pizarro and the Government Palace.

slide 21

In the north of Arequipa, in the upper reaches of the Colca River, famous for its rapids, among deep canyons is the Kolka Valley. The local population has been engaged in agriculture for many centuries and, thanks to the mild climate, collects rich harvests. To preserve the harvest, unique ancient prototypes of refrigerators are used - "colcas", which gave the name to this valley.

slide 22

CITY OF CUSCO

Cusco means "navel of the earth" in the Quechua Indian language. Until now, 500 years after the arrival of the Spaniards, the city of Cusco remains the crossroads of two cultures. Cusco has a rich colonial past - there are many churches here, such as the Church of La Company and the monastery of La Merced. The area around San Vlas, which is home to many artists and artisans, has not changed for hundreds of years. Masterfully finished by the famous Inca masons, the foundations of the houses have survived to this day. Red tiled roofs and cobbled streets give this ancient city its unique flavor.

slide 23

Cusco has a rich colonial past - there are many churches here, such as the Church of La Company and the monastery of La Merced. The area around San Vlas, which is home to many artists and artisans, has not changed for hundreds of years. Masterfully finished by the famous Inca masons, the foundations of some houses have survived to this day in the city itself and outside it on the surrounding ruins. Red tiled roofs and cobbled streets give this ancient city its unique flavor.